Whole-grain pasta is typically high in fiber, manganese, selenium, copper and phosphorus, while refined, enriched pasta tends to be higher in iron and B vitamins. Whole-grain pasta is also lower in calories and higher in fiber and certain micronutrients than refined pasta. Whole-grain pasta contains generous amounts of phosphorus, manganese, magnesium and selenium, while refined pasta has only negligible amounts. Each one of these minerals has a specific function in the system. Phosphorus, which is stored in the bones, helps with energy production, reduces muscle soreness from intense workouts and aids cell and tissue repair. Manganese helps with sex hormone production, blood clotting and it also contributes to strong connective tissue. Magnesium is essential for heart rhythm, strong bones, nerve function and blood sugar regulation. Selenium is an antioxidant that boosts immunity and promotes thyroid function. A 1-cup serving of cooked whole-wheat spaghetti has about 23% of your daily fiber (white pasta has 9%) and 16% of your protein.